JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND ALLIED RESEARCH

IMPACT OF TELECOMMUNICATION INFRASTRUCTURE ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA

2025-10-08T15:24:58+00:00

This study examines the impact of telecommunication infrastructure on economic growth in Nigeria from 2001 to 2022, grounded in the endogenous growth theory. Unlike previous studies that rely on monetary proxies, this research constructs a composite telecommunication infrastructure index with the aid of Principal Component Analysis (PCA), incorporating key variables, which include fixed broadband subscriptions per 100 persons, mobile cellular subscriptions per 100 persons, and secure internet servers per one million persons. This multidimensional index offers a more accurate representation of infrastructure utilization and quality. The study utilizes the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing technique to explore both short-term and long-term relationships, given the mixed order of integration among variables. The empirical results indicate that, in the long run, telecommunication infrastructure has a marginally positive impact on the Nigeria economic growth, but its effect is statistically insignificant and below its potential , and it exerts a negative and statistically significant impact on economic growth in the short run. These findings suggest that operational inefficiencies occasioned by poor rural network service penetration and network infrastructure vandalism undermine the short-term benefits of telecom investments. However, with sustained long-term investment and policy reforms, the sector holds potential for growth-enhancing effects. Policy implications include; prioritizing telecom infrastructure as a critical national asset, expanding rural internet access, and enhancing regulatory frameworks by harmonizing the right-of-way federal and state charges to promote private sector participation and digital inclusiveness.

SOCIAL GLOBALIZATION AND NIGERIA’S MANUFACTURING SECTOR OUTPUT

2025-10-10T11:47:17+00:00

This study investigated the impact of social globalization on Nigeria’s manufacturing sector output. This study utilized the autoregressive distributed lag estimation technique and sourced its data from the world development indicators. The study found that the manufacturing production and the social globalization index have long-term correlations, it also discovered that the coefficient of social globalization was positive and insignificant which suggested that social globalization has not promoted Nigeria’s manufacturing sector output during the study period. This study observed that in order for Nigeria to harness the benefits of social globalization there is need for Nigeria to make sufficient reliable and effective policies. The study concludes that social globalization was insufficient to propel manufacturing output in Nigeria and recommends policy measures such as strengthening of the Nigeria local content development, including the promotion of vocational training alignment with global standards and supporting digital platforms for local manufacturers.

ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC HEALTH SPENDING, PER CAPITA INCOME AND LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH IN NIGERIA

2025-10-10T13:42:04+00:00

Living a healthy, earning a living income and long-life have been a general concern in Nigeria hence, the increasing government expenditure on health. This study investigates the individual effect of public health spending, and per capita income on life expectancy rate in Nigeria. Nigeria’s life expectancy is still low when compared to the world due to the insufficient government spending on health. In addition, the Nigeria populace lack adequate income for improved nutrition and healthy lifestyle. The study employs the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique based on the unit root test result that found all variables integrated at level and first difference. The ARDL bounds test statistic of about 17.384 indicate that a significant long-term relationship exists among the variables of the study. The ARDL long- term result indicate that increase in per capita income and government funding to the health sector can resort to rising life expectancy at birth in Nigeria to about 0.146% and 0.0056% respectively. The study concludes that life expectancy at birth will improve with the increase in per capita income likewise, the rise in public health expenditure, leading to a sustainable growth in output. The study recommends that more percentage of the national budget should be channel to funding the health sector in Nigeria- construction of new healthcare facilities having 24/7 electricity supply in the rural areas. The government of Nigeria should raise per capita income such that the people of Nigeria can afford better nutrition.

HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT, INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY, AND GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT PER CAPITA: EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIA

2025-10-10T13:54:42+00:00

This study examines the impact of human capital development, proxied by government expenditures on education and health, and institutional quality on GDP per capita, a common proxy for poverty, in Nigeria for the period, 1989 to 2022. The study utilised secondary data sourced from the World Bank, Central Bank of Nigeria and the National Bureau of Statistics. Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) was employed with result showing a positive significant effect of Government Expenditure on Education on GDP per capita whereas Government Expenditure on Health brought about a significant negative effect during the years of the study. Further findings showed institutional quality demonstrating a negative and significant effect on GDP per capita. The study recommended significantly larger government spending on education and health while necessary systemic government policies be implemented to boost Nigeria’s institutional quality significantly.

BANK HETEROGENEITY AND THE TRANSMISSION OF MONETARY POLICY IN NIGERIA: A CREDIT AGGREGATE PERSPECTIVE

2025-10-10T14:08:36+00:00

This study employs a one-step system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimator within a dynamic panel framework to analyze how bank-specific attributes, namely, asset size and liquidity ratio, condition credit responses to monetary policy instruments. The findings reveal significant persistence in bank credit supply and confirm the effectiveness of monetary policy tools such as the Monetary Policy Rate (MPR) and Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) in curbing credit expansion. However, the impact is asymmetric: smaller and less liquid banks exhibit greater sensitivity to monetary tightening, while larger banks demonstrate resilience due to stronger balance sheets and liquidity buffers. Interaction terms further suggest that heterogeneity shapes the credit transmission pathway, moderating the effects of monetary policy. The study highlights the necessity for policy design that reflects institutional diversity within the banking sector, emphasizing that tailored interventions may enhance monetary effectiveness and financial system stability in Nigeria.

ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION AND EMPLOYMENT CREATION IN NNEWI, NIGERIA

2025-10-11T10:16:34+00:00

This study examined the impact of entrepreneurship education in fostering employment creation among youths in Nnewi, Nigeria, within the framework of the Human Capital Theory. Based on the idea that investing in human knowledge and skills boosts economic growth and productivity, the study used a descriptive survey design to gather pertinent empirical data. A sample size of 214 was established using Taro Yamane, and the population consisted of 460 people selected from all Nnewi entrepreneurial education centers. Both primary and secondary sources of data were used, and 206 of the 214 structured questionnaires that were distributed were properly filled out and returned. Chi-square (χ²) tests were used to test the hypotheses, and mean scores were used to ascertain the central tendency of the responses. According to the findings, entrepreneurship education gives youths the critical knowledge, creative abilities, innovative business concepts, managerial skills, and strong sense of social responsibility that all play a major role in creating jobs. The findings highlight the necessity of ongoing funding for entrepreneurship education as a tactical instrument for lowering unemployment and fostering long term economic growth.

WHAT DRIVES THE MARKET PARTICIPATION DYNAMICS OF SMALL-SCALE RICE FARMERS IN SOUTHEAST NIGERIA?

2025-10-11T10:39:06+00:00

Smallholders’ difficulty in gaining a significant market share can be attributed to poor market orientation and participation decisions. This highlights the importance of understanding market dynamics, including key push and pull factors, which are essential for successful commercialization, the advancement of rural livelihoods, and the strengthening of the local economy. This study explored the market participation dynamics of rice farming households, estimated the market participation index, and identified the key drivers influencing rice market participation. A mixed-methods design was adopted in the study. Primary data were collected from 288 randomly selected smallholder rice farmers using a semi-structured questionnaire, supplemented by a focus group discussion. The collected data were analyzed using a market participation index and Heckman's two-stage model. The market participation result of 73% indicated that the farmers were semi-commercialized. Agricultural extension access (1.543), farm size (2.450), rice yield (0.005), market orientation (8.074), the cost of rice seed (-0.001), and distance to market (-0.074) influenced the decision to engage in the market. Similarly, the intensity of market participation was influenced positively by education (2.359), access to extension (30.378), rice yield (0.759), farm income (0.002), and market orientation (86204.8), while the price of output (-0.006) and ownership of transport facilities (39.551) had a negative effect. Access to agricultural extension services ranks among the critical factors driving smallholder rice commercialization in Nigeria. Therefore, to accelerate smallholder commercialization, boost household welfare, and develop the rural economy, there is an urgent need to strengthen agricultural extension services through the integration of market-oriented training, which will enhance the capacity of small-scale farmers to make informed, timely, and strategic market decisions.

ANALYZING THE EFFECT OF OIL PRICE AND EXCHANGE RATE ON PMS PRICING BY NNPC LIMITED AND DANGOTE REFINERY, AND MARKET INTERACTION IN NIGERIA’S DOWNSTREAM PETROLEUM SECTOR

2025-10-11T10:51:57+00:00

This study investigates the pricing dynamics and market interactions between the Nigerian National Petroleum Company Limited (NNPC Ltd) and the Dangote Refinery in Nigeria’s downstream petroleum sector. Using weekly data from September 2024 to July 2025, the study employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to examine the sensitivity of Premium Motor Spirit (PMS) prices to key macroeconomic factors—international crude oil prices, exchange rates, and inflation—and to assess the impact of the Dangote Refinery on supply trends and petroleum importation. Unit root tests indicated a mixed order of integration [I(0) and I(1)], validating ARDL, while bounds tests confirmed long-run cointegration for both models. Long-run estimates showed international crude oil prices as the strongest determinant for both NNPC (β ≈ 3.43, p ≈ 0.04) and Dangote (β ≈ 23.37, p ≈ 0.03). Exchange rate pass-through was positive and borderline significant, while inflation was insignificant. Short-run results revealed asymmetric responses: NNPC prices were more influenced by exchange rates (p ≈ 0.03), while Dangote was more sensitive to oil price shocks (p ≈ 0.08). Error correction terms were negative and significant (Dangote: –0.77, p < 0.01; NNPC: –0.90, p < 0.05), indicating rapid adjustment toward equilibrium. Supply analysis showed Dangote achieved 49% of national PMS supply by mid-2025, reducing import dependence. Diagnostic tests confirmed no serial correlation, homoskedastic residuals, and model stability. The study highlights crude oil and foreign exchange as dominant pricing drivers and recommends transparent pricing templates, FX stabilization mechanisms, NNPC–Dangote coordination, and improved regulatory oversight to enhance efficiency and consumer welfare.

DETERMINANTS OF MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES PERFORMANCE IN SOUTHERN SENATORIAL DISTRICT OF CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA

2025-10-11T11:20:11+00:00

This study examines the determinants of micro, small and medium enterprises performance in Southern Senatorial District of Cross River State. The study adopted the survey research design. The sample size of the study was 400 micro, small and medium enterprises in Southern Senatorial District of Cross River State. The instrument of data collection was the questionnaire and the data collected was analyzed using the logistic regression technique. From the Logit regression result, it was observed that financial factors have a negative and insignificant impact on the performance of micro, small and medium enterprises in Southern Senatorial District of Cross River State. It was observed also that human capital factors have a positive and significant impact on the performance of micro, small and medium enterprises in Southern Senatorial District of Cross River State. Social and cultural factors have a positive and significant impact on the performance of micro, small and medium enterprises in Southern Senatorial District of Cross River State. Based on the findings, the study recommended that funds should be made easily accessible to MSMEs by microfinance banks so as to explore untapped business investment potentials of MSMEs to the utmost benefit of the generality of the economy. However, government should prioritize enabling business environment like good infrastructures such as good road network, stable power supply, etc in the country so as to enhance MSMEs performance. Finally, Micro small and medium enterprises should be encouraged to embrace the new digital infrastructures such as e- commerce so as to enhance their optimal performance.

EXCHANGE RATE AND INDUSTRIAL SECTOR PERFORMANCE IN NIGERIA

2025-10-11T11:37:16+00:00

This study examined the effect of exchange rate on industrial output in Nigeria. It employed the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) test of co-integration as the estimation technique. The study found that exchange rate has a negative and statistically significant impact on industrial output at 5 percent significance level in the long run. However, in the short run, the impact of exchange rate on industrial production in Nigeria was found to be positive but not statistically significant at five percent significance level. Exchange rate was found to have a positive and statistically significant impact on quarry and mining output at 5 percent level of significance in both the long-run and short-run periods. To mitigate the adverse effects of exchange rate fluctuations, policymakers and businesses should consider implementing strategies such as hedging or diversifying their currency exposures. Additionally, fostering solid international trade relationships and promoting domestic industrial competitiveness should sufficiently be leveraged on to mitigate against the negative impact of exchange rate volatility. Most importantly the current exchange rate stabilization initiative of the current administration that has seen margin of gain between black market and official forex window shrink should be doubled so as restore needed investment confidence and boost trade.

IMPACT OF DOMESTIC SAVINGS, DOMESTIC INVESTMENT AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT ON PER CAPITA INCOME IN NIGERIA

2025-10-11T12:30:26+00:00

This study investigates the impact of domestic savings, foreign direct investment (FDI), and domestic investment on per capita income in Nigeria over the period 1980 to 2023, using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach. The findings reveal that, in the long run, domestic savings have a statistically significant negative effect on per capita income, suggesting inefficiencies in financial intermediation. In contrast, FDI exerts a positive and statistically significant impact, though its magnitude is modest. Domestic investment also exhibits a significant negative effect on per capita income, reflecting resource misallocation and structural bottlenecks. Inflation is statistically insignificant in the long run but has a significant negative effect in the short run. The error correction term is negative and statistically significant, confirming a stable long-run relationship. These results highlight the paradoxical nature of Nigeria’s growth process, where traditional growth drivers underperform due to institutional weaknesses. Policy measures should focus on reforming the financial sector to mobilize and channel savings productively, improving the efficiency of public and private investments, and fostering a transparent environment to attract quality FDI. In addition, credible monetary policy is required to ensure price stability and enhance income growth.

INFLUENCE OF CORPORATE IMAGE, PERCEIVED VALUE, AND SERVICE QUALITY ON CUSTOMER LOYALTY TO INDIGENOUS BRANDS IN NIGERIA

2025-10-11T13:17:13+00:00

This study examines the influence of corporate image, perceived value, and service quality on customer loyalty to indigenous brands in Nigeria. In an increasingly competitive market, indigenous brands face significant pressure from local and international competitors. Sustaining customer loyalty is therefore essential for their survival, growth, and contribution to national economic development. A quantitative research design employing a cross-sectional survey approach was adopted. The target population comprised customers of selected indigenous brands in the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) and household wear sectors in Surulere, Lagos State. Using stratified random sampling, 375 respondents were selected. Data were collected through a structured Corporate Image, Perceived Value, and Service Quality Questionnaire (CIPVSQ), validated by experts and tested for reliability using the split-half method and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. Descriptive statistics, mean scores, standard deviation, chi-square, regression analysis were used to test the hypotheses. Findings revealed that corporate image, perceived value, and service quality each significantly influence customer loyalty, with corporate image emerging as the strongest predictor. The regression analysis underscored that loyalty cannot be explained by a single factor but results from a combination of functional value (perceived value), relational trust (service quality), and symbolic appeal (corporate image). The study concludes that strengthening corporate image, delivering high perceived value, and ensuring consistent service quality are critical strategies for enhancing loyalty to indigenous brands. Recommendations include sustained brand reputation management, value-driven product delivery, and improved customer service practices.

ANALYSIS OF DETERMINANTS OF ELECTRICITY THEFT IN NIGERIA

2025-10-11T19:24:40+00:00

The challenge of electricity theft has continuously contributed to unreliable electricity supply and undermined the financial viability of the electricity sector in Nigeria. This study examines the determinants of electricity theft across eleven electricity distribution companies from 2017 quarter 3 to 2024 quarter 3, using a fixed-effect panel model. The findings show that all variables in the analysis are significant determinants of electricity theft, except the metering rate. An increase in the actual price of electricity, the population of registered electricity consumers, and the previous rate of electricity losses exert positive and significant effects on electricity theft. The impact of electricity price was particularly pronounced, with a coefficient of 93.87, indicating that tariff increases without commensurate improvements in service reliability directly exacerbate theft. Conversely, improvements in the quality of electricity supply and revenue collection marginally reduce electricity theft. The study recommends that the Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC) mandate targeted infrastructure investments by DISCOs to enhance supply reliability, while DISCOs’ management, fully digitalize payment channels to eliminate cash transactions and improve revenue collection efficiency. These strategies are expected to mitigate electricity theft, enhance service delivery, and strengthen sector financial viability.

DOES ENERGY POVERTY UNDERMINE ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY? EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIA

2025-10-11T19:39:52+00:00

This study explores the nexus between energy poverty and environmental sustainability in Nigeria using annual data from 1995-2024 sourced from the World Development Indicators. Environmental sustainability was measured through institutional policy ratings, while energy poverty served as the core explanatory variable, complemented by access to electricity, electricity consumption per capita, fossil fuel use, and access to clean fuel as threshold variables. Foreign direct investment, urbanisation, and per capita income were included as controls. Employing the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach, the results confirmed long-run cointegration among the variables. The short-run estimates revealed largely insignificant effects, though access to electricity and clean fuel exhibited contractionary tendencies. In the long run, access to electricity and urbanisation significantly improved environmental sustainability, whereas energy poverty, fossil fuel dependence, foreign direct investment, and per capita income exerted adverse effects, reflecting structural inefficiencies and enclave-type investment practices. Post-estimation diagnostics confirmed the robustness of the model. From a policy perspective, the findings underscore the need to reduce energy poverty through broader electricity access and clean energy adoption, promote sustainable urbanisation with adequate infrastructure, and restructure foreign investment to maximise domestic spillovers. Failure to address fossil fuel dependence risks undermining Nigeria’s long-run environmental sustainability agenda.

FINANCIAL INCLUSION, MICROCREDIT AND PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM SCALE ENTREPRISES IN NIGERIA

2025-10-11T20:18:48+00:00

Despite government efforts to ensure that SMEs play an important role in the Nigerian economy, the sector is still struggling to survive due to so many hindrances, among which are financial exclusion and lack of access to credit. This study is an attempt to investigate the impact of financial inclusion on the performance of small and medium scale enterprises in Nigeria using ARDL technique with data time series data from 1980 to 2022. Financial inclusion was measured by commercial bank branches, the number of rural bank branches and deposits of rural bank branches. The performance of SMEs was proxied by the output of retail and wholesale trade. Findings from the study revealed that a long-run relationship exists among the variables in the estimated model. The results of the Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) within the framework of the ARDL show that there is a positive and statistically significant relationship between the number of commercial bank branches (NDMB) and the output of SMEs (SMEQ) in Nigeria in the long run period. The relationship between the number of rural bank branches (NRBB) and the output of SMEs (SMEQ) was found to be positive and statistically significant at a five per cent significant level. The study therefore recommends that the Central Bank of Nigeria should deepen its pressure on commercial banks through special directive with the aim of promoting financial inclusion through the expansion of microfinance banks branches in rural areas.

EVALUATION OF PREBISCH-SINGER THESIS BETWEEN NIGERIA AND USA

2025-10-11T21:09:12+00:00

The Prebisch-Singer thesis (PST) states that the price of primary commodities decline relative to the price of manufactured goods on the long term, which causes the terms of trade of primary-product-based economies to deteriorate. The essence of PST is that the peripheral or less developed countries (LDC’s) had to export large amounts of their primary products in order to import manufactured goods from the industrially advanced countries. Nigeria over the years seems to have been caught on this web of unequal trade interaction with the industrially advanced countries and therefore, needs a functional regional trade blocs to leverage on for a better terms of trade. This study therefore aims at ascertaining the degree of potential gains or loss of Nigeria’s trade relation with USA, using a fixed-effect panel data model sourced from the world Development Indicators. The study revealed that PST is real in Nigeria, as successive trading with economically advanced and industrialized nations have kept the country’s BOPs at a deficit. The study therefore argued that AFCFTA should be an option for Nigeria as it unlock manufacturing potential and facilitate industrialization, driving sustainable growth and jobs among other objectives. Findings from the study revealed the need for Nigeria to diversify into the manufacturing sector as a matter of urgency in order to avert declining terms of trade. Nigeria needs to take advantage of this AFCFTA agreement which is an intra-African trade, in order to provide a new era of development model for the African continent.

ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HOUSEHOLD OUT-OF-POCKET HEALTH EXPENDITURE AND HEALTH OUTCOMES IN NIGERIA

2025-10-11T21:29:45+00:00

This study investigated the impact of household out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) on health outcomes in Nigeria using time series data from 1990 to 2023 sourced from the World Bank. Health outcomes were measured by maternal mortality rate (MMR), infant mortality rate (IMR), and life expectancy (LEX). Using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Technique, the results showed that higher OOPE significantly increases MMR in both the short and long run, reduces IMR only in the short run, and lowers LEX in the long run. These findings indicated that reliance on OOPE undermines maternal and long-term population health while providing only temporary benefits for infant survival. Guided by Grossman’s health demand theory, the study concluded that Nigeria’s OOPE-dominated health financing is inequitable and unsustainable. It recommended expanding the National Health Insurance Authority (NHIA) to cover the informal sector, increasing public health spending to meet the Abuja Declaration target, prioritizing primary healthcare and skilled birth services, investing in education, water, and sanitation, adopting progressive health financing, expanding rural health infrastructure, and establishing emergency health funds to protect households from catastrophic costs.

IMPACT OF PUBLIC EXPENDITURE ON THE AVAILABILITY OF MEDICAL EQUIPMENT AND HEALTH SERVICES DELIVERY IN PRIMARY HEALTHCARE CENTERS OF BORNO STATE, NIGERIA

2025-10-12T15:17:35+00:00

The study investigates the impact of public expenditure on the availability of medical equipment and health services delivery in primary healthcare centers (PHCs) of Borno State, Nigeria. The cross-sectional research design was employed for the analysis using data gathered from primary sources using questionnaire. Due to the categorical nature of the variables, the study employed Survey Linear Ordinary Least Squares method of analysis. The study reveals that public capital expenditure has statistical impact on medical equipment availability in PHCs of Borno State which by extention results in health services delivery. The study recommends prioritisation of capital health spending to improve healthcare service delivery in Borno state, Nigeria.

IMPACT OF EXTERNAL DEBT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA: THE MODERATING ROLE OF INSTITUTIONAL QUALITY

2025-10-12T16:12:14+00:00

This research examines the impact of external debt on Nigeria’s economic growth between 1986 and 2024, with a specific focus on the role of institutional quality. The analysis carried out with the Fully Modified Least Squares (FMOLS) method indicates that both external debt and debt servicing are linked with slower growth. However, the relationship is not statistically significant. In simple terms, borrowing alone does not guarantee improved economic performance. On the other hand, institutional quality exerts a clear and significant positive impact on economic growth, indicating that good governance, effective legal systems, and reduced corruption are central to long-term development. Government capital expenditure also appears to support economic growth, but its effect is weak and statistically insignificant, which may reflect the challenges in turning investments into real growth. Notably, the interaction between external debt and institutional quality is positive and significant, indicating that robust institutions can offset the growth-limiting effects of debt. Overall, the findings highlight that external debt can only be beneficial if backed up with strong institutions and prudent resource management. Based on this, the study recommends that Nigeria focus on improving institutional frameworks, enhancing the effectiveness of investments, and managing debt wisely to foster sustainable economic growth.

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY IN SELECTED TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN CROSS RIVER STATE

2025-10-12T17:35:54+00:00

The dynamics in environment have imposed the need for leaders to adopt innovative ideas to create unique services that would bring about sustainability in the academic environment. Effective adoption of strategic management practice in tertiary institutions is without ease, the issue of absence of commitment of leaders to strategic planning, evaluation and implementation constitutes hindrance to productivity of tertiary institutions. This study sought to examine the impact of strategic management on organizational productivity in selected tertiary institutions in Cross River State. It critically examined the extent to which strategic planning, evaluation and implementation serves as enablers to innovative governance in the institutions. The strategic planning theory was adopted to guide the study. Simple random sampling technique was adopted and a sample size of 355 respondents was determined using Taro Yamane formula. A structured questionnaire was developed, validated and tested for reliability using test-retest. Data from the questionnaire was analyzed using simple percentages, while the chi-square was used in testing the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that strategic planning helps to guide educational development with common vision and share priorities which enhanced productivity in tertiary institutions. Also, strategic evaluation helps to effectively measure changes in the educational plan, and better governance decisions are implemented based on predetermined objectives of the institutions. It was recommended that management of tertiary institutions should continuously use strategic planning to determine the needed policies that would guide educational development based on vision, to ensure that academic goals are successfully achieved.